Addiction 101

Addiction is a complex and often misunderstood issue that affects millions of people worldwide. Understanding the different types of addiction, their causes, and the available treatments can help in finding the right path to recovery. In this article, we delve deeper into the basic aspects to provide a clear picture of what addiction is and how it can be effectively treated.

What is it?

Addiction is a complex disorder often associated with a loss of control over substances or behaviours. This is due to a dysfunction of the reward system in the midbrain. As a result, substance use during recovery can be particularly risky, as the craving for it increases. Therefore, complete abstinence is often the safest and best option to achieve sustainable recovery. Quitting is comparable to trying to stop breathing; the loss of control is inherent. Total abstinence helps to avoid triggering the reward system, giving you the chance to regain control over your life.

Treating a substance or alcohol addiction brings many challenges. Despite good treatments and professional care, the relapse rate remains high if the underlying issues are not addressed. This is why at Rustenburg, we are committed to providing effective treatments that significantly reduce the relapse rate. We believe in a holistic approach, where we not only treat the addiction but also address the underlying issues.

When Am I Addicted?

Not everyone who regularly uses alcohol or drugs is addicted. However, if you find yourself physically and/or mentally dependent on a substance, losing control, and your daily activities are suffering as a result, then you may be dealing with, for example, a drug addiction. Addiction means you lose control as soon as you start using. Your life revolves around the substance: when and where you can use again. You use more and more frequently than planned, and the urge for the substance becomes too strong to resist. You neglect appointments, start lying more, and do everything to keep your addiction hidden.

The problems pile up, and even though the disadvantages outweigh the benefits, you cannot stop on your own.

Types of Addiction

Addiction can take various forms, ranging from substance abuse to behavioural addictions. Here are the most common types:

• Alcohol: Excessive and chronic alcohol use that leads to physical and psychological dependence.
• Substances: Addiction to illegal drugs (such as heroin, cocaine).
• Medication: Addiction to prescription medication (such as opioids, benzodiazepines).
• Nicotine: Addiction to tobacco, usually through smoking, which leads to serious health problems.
• Behavioural:
  • Gambling: Uncontrollable urge to gamble, which can lead to financial and personal problems.
  • Internet and Gaming: Excessive use of the internet and video games that impairs daily functioning.
  • Eating: Unhealthy eating habits, such as binge eating, that lead to physical and mental health problems.

Causes of Addiction

Addiction is a complex disorder influenced by multiple factors. These can be broadly categorised into three groups:

• Biological Factors:
  • Genetics: Heredity plays a significant role in the predisposition to addiction.
  • Brain: Changes in brain structure and function (midbrain/reward system) due to substance use or behavioural addictions can lead to dependence.
• Psychological Factors:
  • Mental Health: People with conditions such as depression, anxiety, or PTSD are at higher risk for addiction.
  • Coping Mechanisms: Addiction can develop as a way to cope with stress, trauma, or emotional pain.
• Environmental Factors:
  • Social Influences: Family, friends, and cultural norms can influence substance use or addictive behaviours.
  • Life Circumstances: Stressful life circumstances, such as unemployment or financial problems, can contribute to the development of addiction.

Effective Treatments 

There is no one-size-fits-all solution, as each person’s situation is unique. Effective treatments are often multidimensional, addressing both the physical and psychological aspects. Treating substance or alcohol dependence presents challenges, and even with good care, relapse rates remain high if underlying issues are not addressed. At Rustenburg, we are committed to providing treatments that aim for full abstinence and significantly reduce relapse rates. Our holistic approach not only targets the addiction but also addresses the root causes.

Conclusion

This complex disorder involves more than just substance use or certain behaviours, encompassing biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Fortunately, effective treatments are available that can aid in recovery and lead to a healthy, fulfilling life. If you or someone you know is struggling, don’t hesitate to seek help. There is always a path to recovery; take the first step today.

Contact us via the contact form or call 087 943 2293.